Do we have a defensible account of what is to be a person?

To support the assertion that a person exists as a person in their individual unique position and that, they do not, cannot and can never occupy the space and position of another person must be proven using unchallengeable, unquestionable or unchanging evidence. Before we begin answering this question, we must first of all establish who and what a person is: i.e. what are the basic and universal characteristics of a person?Where does the definition of a person begins and ends along the continuum that is occupied by all species – they could be hominoids – monkeys, baboons, apes, chimps, or non-person species etc†¦.† When does a person cease being a person to become a non-person? Is this a reversible process – if so, why? If not, why?According to Wiktionary a person is a human being, then a human being is defined as man, the characteristics of man are identified from the later â€Å"human being† being signifies existence, human means belonging to the species of Homo sapiens some of the characteristic that would be associated to this is ability to express, feel, all humankind characteristics like being weak or fallible. Where then do we find the person in the human being is it the physical body of an individual being?Aristotle says man is a logical â€Å"word using† animal and a featherless two footed animal. These however, are not the only differences.A lot of other animals share these characteristics for instance insects and apes though remotely but it emerges that people are distinctly quite distinctive, befitting account of what it is to be a person could give the core of this distinction hence illustrating why certain characteristics are important and the others but incidental John Haugeland Noà »s, Vol. 16, No. 1, 1982.We are told, that modern philosophers and Christians interpreted Aristotle’s â€Å"logical† as â€Å"rational† thus proposing this rationality as our principle differentia, th erefore Descartes maintains that people can talk because they reason and he could have stated the same on other characteristics.Contrary to other animals humans have a highly developed brain with an ability to reason abstractly, use words and examining thoughts, it is due to this mental capacity together with their body structure that allows their upper limbs to make more use of tools than other animals. Human beings are social by nature a characteristic of most primates; nevertheless they are more skillful in using systems of communication for self-expression, interaction, exchange of ideas and planning.Man has put in place social structures made of competing and cooperating groups such structures are, families marked by blood relations and other relations, nations originating from geographical boundaries, social groups and so on.These interactions between humans have put in place a wide variety of traditions, rituals, ethics values laws and social norms which are the foundation of a human society. Man has a clearly noticeable recognition for beauty and tastefulness which is compounded by the human desire for self-expression has given rise to cultural inventions and innovations such as art, literature and music.Humans are distinct for their desire to understand and influence the world around them, man seeks to explain and manage natural occurrences by science, mythology, philosophy and religion, this curiosity in man has led to development of tools and skills, this may be one of the most significant characteristic of human beings. It is by these characteristics:Anatomical structures, mental abilities, social responsibility, cultural norms, conscious and unconscious will and freedom of choice, innovativeness that we define a person. This may be the basic and universal characteristics of a person.

Juice Bar and Boost Juice Essay

Channels differentiation is their expertise and performance in their field. An advantage in people differentiation is when a particular business will employ only the best people fitted for the job, who may be trained particularly for that role in order to efficiently set out their duties and image differentiation is when a company will set themselves apart with for example, a logo or a slogan so consumers will recognize such and know that brand name. Boost Juice Vibe club card, image, Boost Juice, viewed 5 April 2012, < http://www. oostjuice. com. au/vibe>. Boost Juice Vibe club card, image, Boost Juice, viewed 5 April 2012, < http://www. boostjuice. com. au/vibe>. Through product differentiation, Boost have been able to set themselves apart from the competition with their healthy products with fresh fruits and vegetables in their drinks. By doing so Boost have been able to target the healthy conscious consumers as well as those who are trying to be healthier. Using the f resh produce it also provides consumers with daily nutritional intake but with a great taste. With all this freshness Boost are still able to compete with brands such as Easyway with their prices being roughly the same. Boost Juice has differentiated through their services by the use of taking people’s names with their orders to make it a much more friendlier environment. Boost is also able to channel their services to fit each customer with their specific orders. With people differentiation Boost hires many young employees around their late teens to twenties in order for a more friendly and relaxed surrounding. With image differentiation, Boost is well known for their right green Styrofoam cups. The colour green also links them to the fresh quality of their products. Using these differentiation variables, Boost is able to have a competitive advantage over its competitors in the market, providing great service with their freshness all packed into their well-known green cups. The six major forces in the company’s macroenvironment are: * Demographic * Economic * N atural * Technological * Political * Cultural The factors that may affect Boost Juice are demographic, economic, and natural. The demographic environment is the human population and changes in this area can affect Boost through its target market. Boost Juice bars are usually located in shopping centres, which will attract all different kinds of people. A lot of Boosts consumers tend to be the younger adults who spend a lot of their time in shopping centres. It is a comparative advantage that Boost Juice has in their location, choosing a widely populated area such a shopping centre where lots of people go instead of on a strip of street where less people will go. Consumers look at the convenience of a shopping centre to be able to purchase all their needs and wants in one place. The economic environment involves the powers that will affect consumers and their choice to purchase and spend. The recent recession saw that consumers were more restricted on their spending behavior, cutting back on goods that were seen as unnecessary. Another factor is income; people who earn more are more likely to spend more so the working sector will be attracted to Boost as they have the spending power to indulge in a healthy drink. Changes in economic factors such as interest rates will also play a role in Boost’s successfulness in the market. If interest rates rise, households will need to set aside more money to pay of their debts and will spend less of wants. Consumers will rather save money and not spend it on Boost Juice drinks and instead drink water instead. So negative impacts on the economy will affect Boost Juice and their business. The natural environment includes the natural resources that will affect the businesses supplies.

Changing world of work and choice and opportunity structures affecting Essay

Changing world of work and choice and opportunity structures affecting careers. WORK, SOCIETY & ORGANIZATIONS - Essay Example 141). Writers point to medieval guild masters or even earlier nomadic tribal leaders as ancient prototypical managers, but from George’s definition one might be tempted to say that mothers comprised the first managers in human history. A â€Å"manager† is difficult to categorically define. George’s definition centers on managers as motivators, working to achieve goals through people. Managers are also organizers: Daniel A. Wren called management â€Å"the activity which performs certain functions in order to obtain the effective acquisition, allocation, and utilization of human efforts and physical resources in order to establish some goal† (Trent, 1973, p. 141). Militarism and Mechanization was formalized by Frederick the Great in the 17th century. He revolutionized warfare, and he is generally acknowledged as an early efficiency expert. He was credited with redirecting the structures and processes of waging war, and creating the elements of the machine o rganization as it applies to the military establishment. Elements of his management style included the institutionalization of authority by creating a system of ranks, establishing identity by uniforms, the standardization of regulations, task specialization among the troops, and the use of command language to reduce miscommunication and specialized training (MacDonogh, 2001). This management style is of course essentially still used to some extent in military and police organizations, although it is much tempered by contemporary HR practices in its treatment of people. Scientific Management Frederick Winslow Taylor, an engineer and self-styled consultant, conceptualized the link between corporate profitability, industrial productivity, and cost-efficiency. Under scientific management, productivity is increased and unit cost is reduced when workers become more task efficient. In turn, workers become more efficient if they are rewarded for higher volume productivity, and punished for low volume productivity. This management theory is also known as Taylorism. The principle of scientific management espouses the elimination of rule-of-thumb methods, and to instead use measurement techniques to determine the optimum methods that optimizes the use of time, effort, and resources. Jobs are broken down into sequential tasks, and each task is engineered for greater efficiency. Then the workers are trained in the new tasks using scientific methods. There is division of labor and responsibility among managers and workers, where management sets the goals and policies, and workers execute the tasks. Finally, discipline is maintained to coordinate task execution (Taylor, 2008). The world’s largest restaurant chain is an avowed follower of Taylorism. McDonald’s employs the scientific method in its corporate operations, where all tasks are worked out and standardized, and all employees worldwide are rigorously trained in this system. Tasks are broken down and num bered, so that the crews related to their customers according to a prepared script, and those who man the kitchen abide by a numbered set of procedures. Even the cooking machinery are specially designed to operate at pre-determined time settings. The result is a rigid quality level that ensures McDonald’s products are prepared and serve in exactly the same way the world over. Formal bureaucracy was conceived by Max Weber in the early 1900s. This was done in reaction to the prevailing management style then, where organisations were run according to the whims and

Consumer Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 7

Consumer Behaviour - Essay Example Therefore in this context, when a marketer wishes to grow and prosper then it’s necessary for him/her to consider the entire world as their consumer. This is true for products as well as services. Marketers majorly aim at improving brand image through several avenues. In most cases, the marketers aim at addressing the social and psychological needs of their customers to buy their brands over their competing brands in the market. The marketers also intend to identify the sociological and psychological drives such as attention and perception drives and motivations, consumer learning and memory, personality and self-concept, and attitude formation and change. The sociological needs include the peers and reference groups of the customers, the impact of social class and culture, family, and social categorization on the buyer behavior. The report at hand focuses on the marketing mix of a brand and the means through which the brand convinces and satisfies its customers. This current research paper delves into the marketing mix of Coca-Cola, a global brand in the soft drink industry, which has been a leader of the market. The Coca Cola Company has been successful in its operations commanding a large portion of the soft drink industry. Despite competition from other companies such as PepsiCo, the company has always been firm in its operations. The marketing strategies of the company have been very influential and its advertising appealing. The Coca Cola company license or owns and markets more than 500 non-alcoholic beverage brands, mainly sparkling beverages in addition to still beverages such as juices, waters, sports and energy drinks, ready-to-drink coffee, and enhanced waters. The company serves the global market, which include Europe, Africa and Eurasia, North America, Latin America, Pacific, Corporate and Bottling

Reasons For Failureof an Estimated 66% of all Change Initiatives Essay

Reasons For Failureof an Estimated 66% of all Change Initiatives - Essay Example Change initiatives come under different names such as total quality management, restructuring, cultural change and rightsizing among others (Ismail 2011, p. 3). The main drivers of change include mergers and acquisitions, innovation, technological change, decreased sales or market share and reorganization. Other drivers of change are globalization, a sense of urgency and the case when 75 percent of the leadership in an organization honestly gets convinced that the organization, as it is currently, is not an acceptable plan (Kotter, 1995, p. 3). However, the main motivation behind organizational change is to enable it to deal with a new and more challenging market by introducing changes to the way it conducts it activities. Despite the critical role that organizational change plays, failure to maintain significant change occurs time and again (Kotter 1995, p. 3). This is even despite the fact that a significant amount of resources is invested in such initiatives as highly talented hum an resources and high capital investment. As noted by Ismail (2011, p. 3), changes intended to target improvement of quality, enhance culture and turn around corporate collapse only end up giving lukewarm results. They assert that more than 66 percent of these change initiatives fail miserably (Ismail 2011, p. 4). The paper seeks to presents the reasons behind such high failures of organizational changes. Reasons Why Change Initiatives Fail According to Kotter (1995, p. 3), after observing various organizations – be they large or small organizations – introduce change, only a few have been successful. Most of these change initiatives fail during the course of their implementation. The basic lesson learnt from the successful initiatives is that the process of change goes through phases which require a considerable length of time. In case a step is skipped in the process of change, the organization can never get satisfying results (Harris 2006, p. 37). In addition, any m istake made during any of the steps can spell doom for the success of the initiatives. One of the major mistakes which can lead to failure of the change initiative is failure to establish a large enough sense of urgency. Every successful change initiative starts when some persons or a group in an organization assess the competitive situation, technological trends, market position and financial standing (Harris 2006, p. 38). After identifying any drawback in the performance of the organization, such individuals are able to communicate such information pointing out to the potential risks and the potential opportunities available. In organizations which go through successful change, such information is communicated in a timely manner and the organization begins aggressive measures to bring changes. However, some organizations fail right from this initial step. As stated by Cummings (2008, p. 37), people are the greatest impediment to change. Consequently, when a proposal to bring chang es to the organization are suggested, organization executives start feeling that introduction of changes can result in reduced morale among employees, the senior management will be apprehensive to such change proposed and that change may run out of control. Additionally, the executives may fear that the change could negatively affect the short-term targets of the business, that the stock prices would be negatively affected and that they can be blamed for causing

Unstable angina and Hyperosmolar hypoglycaemic nontetotic Case Study

Unstable angina and Hyperosmolar hypoglycaemic nontetotic - Case Study Example Reduced levels of insulin make it hard for the body to convert glucose into glycogen resulting into excess levels in the blood (Hu, Pan, & Sun, 2012). Hyperglycemia can result into other complications such as ketoacidosis and hyperkalemia. Insulin deficiency results into a potassium shift from the intra-cellular to the extracellular space (Margassey & Bastani, 2001). This can also occur due to increased osmolality that accompanies hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia also results into dehydration as the body disposes excess glucose through urine leading to excessive water loss. The complication is also responsible for decreased consciousness. Therefore, by treating hyperglycemia, one will prevent worsening of the other three conditions. Insulin, infusion should be conducted first to deal with hyperglycemia. This will further result into the movement of potassium from the extra-cellular space to the intracellular space (Lehnardt & Kemper, 2011). Treatment of hyperglycemia will have an immediate impact on dehydration and decreased consciousness, and will stop worsening of Hyperkalemia and tachycardia by extension. Hyperglycemia can be treated in different ways. Glucotrol can be used to stimulate the pancreas to release insulin. Acarbose can be used to block enzymatic action on carbohydrates, while metformin or pioglitazone can be used to increase tissue sensitivity to insulin (Ripsin, H, & Urban, 2009). The goal tachycardia therapy should be to slow down the first heart rate. Several strategies might be used such as the Vagal maneuvers and medications. In practice, medications are offered when the vagal maneuvers fail. Patients can take flecainide or propafenone. Cardioversion can also be used in emergency situations (University of Michigan Health System, 2012). The management of Tachycar dia should be conducted with the help of ECG monitoring Hyperkalemia should then be tackled. Examination of Hyperkalemia must be conducted in a systematic level and this should include cardiac function, in addition to the urinary tract, hydration status and neurological processes (Margassey & Bastani, 2001). Normally, individualized therapeutic strategies should always be employed in the management of hyperkalemia. The management should be guided by the specific findings regarding the level of potassium in the blood. Treatment needs to be hurried up due to the fact that the faster the rise of potassium level the greater the chances of toxicity (Karet, 2009). Identification of the cause is key to establishing the desired treatment procedure. In the current case, it is evident that the hyperkalemia results from hyperosmolar hyperglyceamic Nonketotic syndrome which the patient is known to have. The condition is described as a complicated case of diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2, in which high levels of blood sugar result into dehydration, increase in osmolarity, and an increased rate of complications that might result into death (Karet, 2009). The current case of hyperkalemia is most likely as a result of the increased shift of potassium from the intracellular to the extracellular space (Barker, Burton, & Zieve, 2003). Question two Hyperthermia refers to a state where body temperatures are elevated due to a failure in thermoregulation mechanism characterized by the absorption of more heat than that which is eliminated (Hauber, Mohamed, Johnson, & Falvey, 2009). There are several causes of hyperthermia which include effects of drugs, heat stroke and other medical

International Work Environments Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International Work Environments - Research Paper Example It will be pertinent to explore the cost of living in 5 different countries through purchasing power parity point of view to understand how it may affect the wage payments to the managers. This has a base in U.S $1 with the local currency. Purchasing power parity is a good way of calculating how much on aggregate basis he/she will need to spend in that country for the matching living. It is quite possible that some of the components of spending will be expensive and some may be quite low. However, advantage with the purchasing power parity of currency calculations take into account all major spending in that country essential for the living. The factor which is expensive in a particular country can be taken a special consideration while relocating oneself in that country. INDIA: Currently, India is the second fastest developing economy of the world growing at the rate between 7-8 percent. Due to high GDP growth rate job market is thriving with the opportunity. India offers one of the lowest costs of living compared to many other developing economies. Housing costs including rentals, mortgage, and household fuels costs do not offer low cost promise and it is expensive compared to other countries under study that is mainly due to large scale urbanization and burgeoning population. Restaurants and meals outside are relatively less expensive. Groceries, communication, education goes much favorably compared to other countries in study. Russia: Apartments and transportation costs are quite affordable except Moscow and St. Petersburg, where costs may rise 2-3 times more than country side or small cities. Utilities are not expensive and local phone calls are not chargeable. Local Russian style restaurants, bars or cafes are not expensive and does not cost exorbitant prices. Japan: Japan is considered as one of the most expensive country to live in.

Discrimination and Racial Profiling Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discrimination and Racial Profiling - Coursework Example The categorization of people based on their race has resulted in numerous problems starting in the 17th century all the way to the 21st century. It promoted slave trade, especially for Africans. This explains why the African-Americans are the most segregated group in the U.S (Klein, 2012). After being arrested, a black person is 33% more likely to be incarcerated as compared to the whites. An African-American is 30% more likely to drop out of school than the whites and 21% than the Hispanics or Latinos. In the same way, the police are likely to pull over and frisk either blacks or Latinos than whites. In the city of New York, 80% of the police stops made were for African-Americans, 60% for Hispanics, and 12% for whites. In 2013, the U.S Sentencing Commission reported that blacks received 11% longer than whites for similar crimes than whites. In the same way, the black drug offenders were 20% more likely than whites to receive mandatory minimum sentences (Alexander, 2013). To that eff ect, the blacks remain the most discriminated ethnic group. As the most segregated minority groups, the blacks have been forced to give up their culture so as to participate in the mainstream American life. Recent studies have indicated that 75% of the black ethnic minority experience unemployment. Furthermore, their health and education facilities are poorly equipped than the white’s who are considered the majority community and superior (Waters,

Modules Work Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Modules Work - Coursework Example Additionally, I would try to confirm the note with the customer including the balance due, interest rate, date of the note, date due and also the collateral pledged (Kinney, 2011). Basing on aging analysis and subsequent collection (WP 3.B) and discussion with the credit manager, an allowance of $600000 is reasonable and adequate (I examined correspondence and also discussed with the credit manager; explanation of audit legend) The late recording of the vouchers and early recording of the sales seems to be intentional earning inflation devices. This include vouchers 12458 and 12459 and sales invoices 33003, 33004, 33006, 33007, and 33009. Considering Biltrite’s internal controls relating to shipping and receiving, unintentional errors of this type and magnitude are not likely to appear (Kimmel, 2011). Suppose the auditor does suspect misrepresentation, consideration should be given to possible lowering of individual item materiality threshold. More so due to 3 million dollars check ‘kiting’ and misrepresentation of the Lawton related party loan in the previous module IX. 1. Lucas has satisfied some of the objectives of searching for unrecorded liabilities but not all. She has been able to determine whether additional invoices received and not un-vouchered are for charges pertaining to the year being audited. Additionally, she has determined whether the client included these charges in liabilities. This has been done by examining 2010 un-vouchered invoices and tracing 2009 charges contained therein to the client’s 12/2/09 Adjustment for unrecorded invoices. However, Lucas did

Dance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dance - Essay Example (The library of Congress, 2008). However in the nineteenth century, the art of dancing was more popularized through literatures. The influence of the popularization of music also contributed to the popularity of dance. Many other factors like an improvisation of the women’s role in the society and the strengthening of their physical activeness towards the beginning of the twentieth century were also influential in the development of social dance styles (The library of Congress, 2008). The arena of social dancing emphasizes on the sociability of the art than on set rules and competition. The inclusiveness is the basic principle adhering to the social style of dancing and is not performance oriented. This style of dancing more relies on the spontaneity in accordance to the situation than on the rules and regulations. How ever the various disciples with in the social dancing style share some universal principles. It is creative, spontaneous, coordinated and conventional in terms of these principles (Renzland P, 2008). In short, it is the style of dance which connects the art form with the common public. Some of the social dances which are popular in America today are Break Dancing, Alpine, Hip Hop Dancing, Argentine Tango, Balboa, Cajun, Ceili(dh), Charleston, Circle Mixers, Contra, Hambo, Irish Set, Lindy Hop, Old-Time-Waltz, Polka, Ragtime, Scandinavian, Scottish (Country/Folk) Dancing, Square, Vintage, Zwiefache and Zydeco. An understanding on the social scenario existing in the United States of America would serve as a background to analyze the relevance of social dancing in the present socio economic situation. American society is at the threat of individualization and a reverse socialization process is happening at an increased pace. This may be the result of the insecurity among the younger generation due to the disturbed family backgrounds. This scenario is supported by the fact that ideal family

Faulkner and the South Essay Example for Free

Faulkner and the South Essay There are several key issues which arose in the mid-nineteenth century which led to the breakdown of the American Union – and eventually to the Civil War. One of the main underlying issues was the division caused by the opposing feelings about the issue of slavery – however it was the manner in which the Northern politicians forced the eradication of slavery. This division will be explored through Faulkner’s work A Rose for Emily and Long Hot Summer. The Civil War was about division and after the war had ended, although some major points of reunification abounded in America, there was still a great sentiment of this division, which was felt especially strong in the South, as Glatthaar states â€Å"Yet like Southerners, Northern whites had powerful prejudices against blacks†¦ It was one thing, most Northerners reasoned, to regard the enslavement of the black race as cruel and inhumane; it was another to ask Northerners to regard blacks as their equals or welcome them as neighbors and friends† (11-12).    In Faulkner’s work A Rose for Emily, he explores these sentiments through the characters. Emily is ostracized from the community, all of them assuming she is too proud, too august for her contemporaries, and that she lives (or lived) her current life in the past, stuck to the ideals of her father.   This same statement could be a representation of America during this time frame of the Post-Civil War in which the patriarchy of the American government did not allow for certain southern ideals, mores, and traditions to survive the end of the war (Bordewich 12). The list of characters whom Faulkner chooses to portray in A Rose for Emily still hold onto these traditions, although the story also represents the confusion during this time period.   The American South was, after the Civil War a place of forced conglomeration just as is seen in Faulkner’s story in the subtle inclusion of the description of the graveyard where Miss Emily was to be buried, â€Å"And now Miss Emily had gone to join the representatives of those august names where they lay in the cedar-bemused cemetery among the ranked and anonymous graves of Union and Confederate soldiers who fell at the battle of Jefferson† (Faulkner) thus leaving the ‘sides’ of the war forced together through death and anonymity. The Civil War was a battle for rights; for racism to cease, or at least slavery.   In the ideals of the south, slavery, unfortunately had become a ‘tradition’ and it is difficult for someone, especially for a culture to change their normality.   This ‘change’ that the Civil War brought upon the south is exercised quite stunningly through Faulkner’s character Colonel Sartoris in that he refuses to change his mode of thinking for the purpose of a smooth transition of south values to northern norms (Glatthaar 45), and thus gives the reader an august manner of racism, Colonel Sartoris, the mayorhe who fathered the edict that no Negro woman should appear on the streets without an apron-remitted her taxes, the dispensation dating from the death of her father on into perpetuity. Not that Miss Emily would have accepted charity. Colonel Sartoris invented an involved tale to the effect that Miss Emilys father had loaned money to the town, which the town, as a matter of business, preferred this way of repaying. Only a man of Colonel Sartoris generation and thought could have invented it, and only a woman could have believed it. (Faulkner). Here is seen the tradition of the south in the fact that Sartoris would not allow ‘Negro’ women to appear in public without an apron, which is a truly racism and sexist law to permit to be enacted.   The south however during this time period was a place in which the older generation wanted to hold firm to their beliefs in a type of call for integrity, no matter the ridiculous nature of this integrity. Miss Emily was the epitome of Southern values in this story; she harkened the town back to the ‘old ways’ in her manner, in her presence and thus whenever another character in the story approached her they were forced to reckon with her set of mores instead of the present situation.   This can be clearly seen in the manner in which she dealt with her taxes when the sheriff and the town committee tried to force her to pay her taxes and can especially be seen in the manner in which the town tried to get rid of the smell permeating from her house. The town did not approach her in a civilized manner because they did not want to tell a lady (a lady) that she stank, â€Å"†¦so they were not surprised when the smell developed. It was another link between the gross, teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons† (Faulkner). It is Emily’s character which is the focus of the story; her clandestine ways pitted against the townspeople as Watkins states, The contrast between Emily and the townspeople and between her home and its surroundings is carried out by the invasion of her home by the adherents of the new order in the town. Each visit by her antagonists is a movement in the overall plot, a contributing element to the excellent suspense in the story, and a crisis in its own particular division of the story (Watkins 509). It seems that with the close of the war there were certain sentiments of pity which arose for the south in that they needed aid to rebuild their destroyed towns, and this aid came from the North.   Tied into these emotive states of Post-Civil War America was proud, the South was proud and sometimes too proud to accept this aid when necessary; this same sentiment is seen in Miss Emily as well as her father, as Faulkner writes, â€Å"When her father died, it got about that the house was all that was left to her; and in a way, people were glad. At last they could pity Miss Emily. Being left alone, and a pauper, she had become humanized. Now she too would know the old thrill and the old despair of a penny more or less†.   Thus the town wanted vindication of sorts through pity, the ability to pity her made her less of a force just as is the case between the North and South states.

Competitors in the market Essay Example for Free

Competitors in the market Essay 1. Name: Stork Removals www.storkremovals.co.uk Address of Competitor: Stork Removals 15 Hazelwood Road Enfield EN1 1JG Products Offered By Competitor: Removals, Storage, Packing (full packing, part-packing and materials only service) Features of Customer Services: 0800 number, Free Insurance cover, Free Estimates, Free expert advice, Contact via telephone, fax or email. Quality of Service Offered By Competitor: Member of Road Haulage Association. A representative of Stork Removals will visit the customer at home in order to provide an accurate quotation. Stork Removals estimators visit at a time convenient to the customer, including evenings and at the weekends. Customers goods are automatically covered during loading, unloading and transportations. All staff employed by Stork Removals, are fully trained. All staffs wear the companys uniform and are easily recognisable. Stork Removals has a modern fleet of vehicles ranging from 3.5 Tonnes Luton vans to large furniture vans to cope wit any size of removals. Marketing and Promotion: Provides testimonials on their website, has name of business and contact details on their removals vehicles listed in the yellow pages with details of their services. 2. Name: Falcon Move www.falconmove.co.uk Address of Competitor: Falcon Move 135A, Town Road, London, N9 ORL Products Offered By Competitor: Removals, Storage, Light Haulage Services, Packing. Features of Customers Services: Provide consultants to work with customers to design and implement a relocation plan customized to their individual needs that is cost effective, efficient and stress free. Provide a free quotation page on their website where customers can fill in their details of what they are moving and where they want to move. The company will email the customer with an estimate. Provide an online form for customers to send a message to Falcon Move or make enquiries. Customers can contact by phone or email. Quality of Service Offered by competitors: Use state-of-the-art equipment to provide a truly exceptional service, the mission of Falcon Move, through quality, reliability, consistency of services and innovation, to achieve the goal of customer satisfaction. Aim to provide the best possible removal and storage service that ensures all customers obtain value for money. They offer full packing service with trained packers to help customers wrap and protect their precious items ready for removal. The staffs at Falcon Move have specialist knowledge to pack everything. Falcon Move uses purpose made plywood storage containers for maximum protection of customers possessions. Everything will remain safe in their warehouses because all the warehouses are under 24-hour security surveillance utilizing CCTV technology. Marketing and Promotion: Listed in the yellow pages with details of their service. 3. Name: Smart Removals www.smartremovals.com/index.htm Address of Competitor: Building 8 Argon Road London N18 3BW Products Offered By Competitor: Domestic Moves, Commercial Moves, Storage, Overseas Moves, Excess Baggage, Packing (complete or part packing) Features of Customer Service: 0800 number, free insurance cover, free no obligation quotation can be done online or over the phone, free expert advice, contact via telephone, fax or email, full range of packing options to meet customers needs, open-ended contract on storage. Quality of Service Offered by Competitor: Members of the British Association of Removers (BAR), Members of the National Guild of Removers and stores (NGRS) staff are efficient and courteous. A representative will visit the customer at home to discuss what the customer require, Office removals teams consists of experienced furniture removers and IT packers Modern 24 hour manned secure storage units Marketing and Promotion: Listed in the yellow pages with details of their service 4. Name: Easy Shift www.Easyshift.co.uk Address of Competitor: 106, Priory Rd, London, N8 7HR Products Offered By Competitor: Removals, Self- Storage, Packing Features of Customers Services: Free quotes. Either personally, over the phone or via email. Free goods in transit insurance with all work performed to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000. Easy payment methods, Contact via telephone or email, free word robe boxes for all moves, free advice, Weekend and bank holidays office relocation, boxes can be provided on a sale or return basis and any unused boxes collected on the day of moving. Customers can pack all or some of their possessions and Easy shift will part-pack on request. Open-ended contract on self storage. Quality of Service Offered by Competitor: Reliable, honest and punctual staff, Trained staff, professionally maintained and insured vehicles, wide range of packaging materials to protect customers goods whilst in transit. Flexible solutions to individual relocation requirements, provides top 10 tips on removals on their website, terms and condition are clearly stated on their website, can cater for moves of all sizes to all locations within Greater London, UK and Europe. Customers can check packaging price list on their website or ask staff to recommend how many boxes the job will require. All goods are safely stored and fully insured whilst in storage. Marketing and Promotion: Provides testimonials on their website, has name of business and contact details on their removal vehicles, listed in the yellow pages with details of their service. Part B What Falconi Removal Need to do to be more competitive: Productive/Service Storage Packing Options: Full or part packing Light Haulage Domestic Move Overseas Moves Excess Baggage Commercial Moves Easy payment methods Open-ended contract on self storage Marketing and Promotion Set up a website Put Testimonials on website contact details on their removals vehicles listed in the Yellow Pages Quality of Service A representative to visit customers homes in order to provide an accurate quotation. estimators visit at a time convenient to the customer Customers goods are automatically covered during loading Trained Staff All staffs wear the companys uniform and are easily recognisable plywood storage containers for maximum protection of customers The warehouse are under 24-hour security surveillance utilizing CCTV technology Show association that their part of Office removals teams consists of experienced furniture removers and IT packers Modern 24 hour manned secure units Customers can check packaging price list on their website or ask staff to recommend how many boxes the job will require All goods are safely stored and fully insured whilst in storage Flexible solutions to individual relocation requirements, provides top 10 tips on removals on their website. Customer Service Free Insurance cover 0800 number Free expert advice Contact via telephone, fax or email Provide consultants to work with customers to design and implement a relocation plan customized to their individual needs that is cost effective, efficient and stress free Provide a free quotation page on their website where customers can fill in their details of what they are moving and where they want to move. Free quotes Free goods in transit insurance with all work performed to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000 Weekend and bank holidays office relocation Price Falconi Removals have to find this information themselves e.g. Mystery shoppers

Representation And The Newspaper Media Criminology Essay

Representation And The Newspaper Media Criminology Essay This literature review aims to examine the literature regarding the ways in which women offenders, particularly those connected with notorious murder cases are represented by the media, one simply way that can help to understand the representation of women is to compare it with how men are portrayed (Gill, 2007, p. 17). At its most basic (Burton, 2010, p. 16), representation is the construction of ideas about a subject through some means of communication. The concern is that the representation constructs detrimental ideas about the difference of the subject from others (Burton, 2010, p. 16). Women who join their partners in killing have stood out as extraordinary and exceptional (Jewkes, 2004, p. 108), feminist commentators (Jewkes, 2004, Naylor, 2001) assert that the women attract more media attention creating an image of them that is more powerful than that of the male. The pervasive coverage has resulted in the construction of these women as folk devils provoking a collective sens e of horror from the public. Representation and the newspaper media Newspapers exert an enormous amount of influence over public perception (Burton, 2010, p. 7), they are an influential and powerful tool within society, utilised to inform and exchange information and news to the public. Academics have questioned the role of newspapers in their reporting of serious crime suggesting that instead of representing reality, they instead provide media representations of reality (Peelo et al 2004, p. 261). Reah (2002, p. 50) observes newspapers are not simply vehicles for delivering information; they present the reader with aspects of the news, and present it often in a way that intends to guide the ideological stance of the reader. Burton (2010, p. 7) explains that the familiarity of newspapers in our daily lives can divert attention from the fact that they are made objects. He asserts that newspapers are organised in various ways for various reasons and it would not be possible to argue that they are neutral deliverers of information with which the reader can do anything they please with. Burton (2010, p. 16) maintains that from a structuralist perspective there are features of a newspaper which present an order, a form, cues to the reader; all of these give shape to the representation of the subject. Newspapers order their material to produce a line of argument which is then imposed on the reader. Jewkes (2004, p.37) agrees with this view, stating that despite often being described as a window on the world or a mirror reflecting real life, newspapers might be more accurately described as a prism, subtly bending and distorting the representation of the subject it portrays. However, it must be pointed out that readers are not so lacking in the capacity for critical interpretation that newspaper makers can produce any kind of meaning or interpretation and impose it (Burton, 2010, p. 16). Feminism, crime and the media Research (Gill, 2007, Naylor 1995, 2001) has shown that the media coverage about women is generally presented differently to coverage about men. Dyer (1993, p. 21) and more recently Naylor (2001, p. 186) go further arguing that the same behaviour can evoke significantly different press coverage completely dependent on gender. In her study, Naylor (2001, p. 189) found that the female receives a higher volume of coverage and is constructed as more deviant, more anxiety producing and more transgressive than the male. Feminist examinations of the media propose two reasons for this gender inequality. Firstly, as Gill (2007, p. 121) argues, there is a gender imbalance in terms of who produces the news, male dominance dictates media values, beliefs and norms, often unfairly. She continues that women are culturalised into the news business, into an occupation in which the majority of senior positions are still taken by men. Research by Dougary (1994, cited by Burton, 2010, p. 257) established that across 12 tabloid newspapers top editorial jobs were held by 64 men and 11 women. The ratio was worse in the case of broadsheets. Although things are now changing (Gill 2007, p. 121; Burton, 2010, p.257) with a majority of females in journalism training, most do not end up in the mainstream press but rather in associated fields such as public relations and magazines. When women do enter the mainstream press (Gill, 2007, p. 122) there still appears to be discrimination and a gendered division between hard news reporters, such as economics, politics and crime, who tend to be men and features reporters, who are most likely to be women. There is evidence according to Burton (2010, p. 257), that it is nearly impossible for women to combine a mainstream investigative journalistic career with a family. Beasley (1992, p. 76) found that women journalists were less likely to be married or in a long term partnership than their male counterparts, they were also significantly less likely to have children. A simple increase in the numbers of women in journalism cannot be taken as straightforward evidence of greater equality, since for women, but not men, achieving this seems to involve major sacrifices in other parts of their lives (Gill, 2007, p. 122). Burton (2010, p. 257) puts it simply when he states that there is a gender imbalance in terms of who produces news, there is gender bias in terms of who gets to cover what kind of story, this influences the representations of gender in the news. The second reason proposed by feminist criminologists for this inequality in representation is that women commit far fewer crimes, specifically murders than men do (Seal, 2010, p. 1). The stereotypical picture of the criminal, Marsh and Melville (2008, p. 76) argue is a male. Male violence (Naylor, 2001, p. 186) is normalised, existing on a continuum ranging from the non violent to the murderous, this results in it being viewed only in terms of degree. Jewkes (2004, p. 133) argues that violence is viewed as one of many possible behaviour patterns for men; it is not strikingly unusual, even when extreme. When a man kills, his crime will be imaginable and possibly even seen as human, this is not the case for women. After all, argues Morrissey (2003, p. 16), male crime in all forms is frequently articulated, debated, portrayed, glorified, even fantasised, female crime is not. When women commit murder it is more disquieting and is accompanied by a sense of collective denial (Seal, 2010, p. 1). Women who commit murder are judged to have transgressed two sets of laws according to Jewkes (2004, p111); criminal law and the laws of nature, in Lloyds (1995) infamous words, such women are doubly deviant and doubly damned. Seal (2010, p. 1) explains, violence is an accepted attribute of most recognised masculinities, killing by women violates norms of femininity, such as nurturance, gentleness and social conformity. Marsh and Melville (2008, p. 76) state that there has always been and continues to be a widely held acceptance of common sense assumptions about female behaviour. They continue that the acceptable and stereotypical female norm is closely linked to womens psychological makeup and biological purpose, and it is these essentialist assumptions that condemn women to differential treatment not only in the media but also within the criminal justice system. Women who kill (Seal, 2010, p. 1) disturb culturally held notions not only of how women should behave but also of what woman is. Essentially women who kill trouble the masculine/feminine gender binary by transgressing its boundaries (Seal, 2010, p. 1). Jewkes (2004, p.133) asserts that in cases of women who kill vilification operates to displace them from society, to insist on their otherness, thereby avoiding the knowledge that she is produced by that society. Research by Chesney Lind (2006) supports this notion suggesting that gender stereotyping in criminality continues to permeate society with women who commit crimes, which violate gender stereotypes being given the most vicious journalistic treatment of all. Exploring representation typologies Previous research into media representations of women who commit murder indicate key stereotypical constructions that have limited the range of available representations to those which are disparaging and or disempowering (Seal, 2010, p. 6). Frigon (2006, cited by Seal 2010, p. 6) argues that there is an absence of language with which to articulate cases of women who kill. In particular, themes of sexuality, madness, and women as housewives and carers reoccur. Seal (2010, p 6) argues that this is unsurprising in the light of feminist criminology, which has explored how these discourse of womanhood are the ones that have governed the judgement, punishment and representation of criminal women. Jewkes (2004) in her book Media and Crime identified seven standard stereotypical narratives typically used by the media to construct the image of women who commit serious crime. These will now be outlined below. Sexuality and sexual deviance Women who commit serious offences are already of news value by virtue of their relative rarity. Jewkes (2004, p. 113) notes that women offenders become even more newsworthy when they can be further marginalised by reference to their sexuality. Womens sexual preference, their enjoyment of sex or their frigidity, have long been used to demonise them and justify their construction as monsters, even more so if the sexual preference of the woman in question is for other women. According to Jewkes (2004, p. 117) there is an inherent association between lesbianism and aggression that has led to the media attempting to explain violent female behaviour by way of lesbianism and attributes of masculinity. Seal (2010, p. 24) supports this argument stating that the tendency to masculinise women who kill is exacerbated in cases of women perceived as being lesbian or having lesbian tendencies. Physical attractiveness Women who kill (Jewkes, 2004, p. 118) are subjected to intense scrutiny regarding their physical appearance and attractiveness, a fact that entirely reflects cultural attitudes towards women in everyday life. Wykes and Gunter (2004, p. 255) argue that aspects of femininity such as youth, slenderness, and decorativeness are much valued within society and the media, if the female offender does not conform to this tradition stereotype she is vilified by the media. However it appears that the female offender cannot win, as Jewkes (2004, p. 119) points out women who are conventionally attractive and therefore do conform to this stereotype are not spared vilification, often being presented as femme fetales who are cold detached and morally vacuous. Gill (2007, p. 116) points out that unlike women, their male counterparts are rarely described or judged in terms of their physical appearance. Bad wives According to Jewkes (2004, p. 119) notions of femininity and domesticity are crucial factors in determining how to construct the image of women who kill. She argues that women offenders are frequently judged on their marital status, family background, and children. If it can be seen that women offenders are not conforming to Victorian inspired ideals of femininity and domesticity they are typically constructed as bad wives and mothers. By contrast, marital status, family background and children have little or no bearing on most cases involving male offenders whose conformity to conventional ideas of respectability rely on issues such as employment rather than factors such as marital status (Lloyd, 1995, p. 196). Bad mothers Women who murder children represent only a tiny fraction of serious criminals, as a result of this rarity they frequently have a novelty value that guarantees media interest in them (Seal, 2010, p. 26). The bad mother narrative is so culturally pervasive that it is applied to virtually all cases of women who kill whether the woman responsible is an actual mother or not (Jewkes, 2004, p. 121). Marsh and Melville (2008, p. 184) argue that the culturally sanctioned code of femininity and womanhood is that women should nature and protect, not harm. It is a womans natural role as mother and carer that makes it difficult for society to accept that women can harm children. Men on the other hand (Jewkes, 2004, p. 132) are rarely described as bad fathers even when their victim is their own child. Mythical monsters Jewkes (2004, p. 123) argues that the representation of women who kill that prevails in the media originate from pagan mythology, Judaeo Christian theology and classical art and literature, these frequently invoke images of witches, evil temptress, harpies and fallen women to convey female wickedness. She argues that the representation of female offenders as mythical monsters serves only to depict them as less woman than monster. Monstrous images of women have become so firmly entrenched in popular consciousness that it has become almost impossible to view any woman who kills as a real woman. Men however, according to Seal (2010, p. 75), are rarely given the same mythical motifs as females even though their crimes and or even themselves may be described as monstrous. Mad cows Seal (2010, p. 50) suggests that the criminal justice system, the media and society generally find it hard to accept that a woman has committed violent or heinous offences unless she can be categorised as a deluded lunatic or unstable hysteric. She argues along with Jewkes (2004, p 126) that there is an historical tendency to describe womens violence with explanations that rely on notions of female pathology, particularly in relation to faulty biology. This it is argued, (Seal 2010, p. 50, Jewkes, 2004 p. 126) serves to reduce the responsibility of the woman for the deviant act. Jewkes (2004, p. 127) argues that men meanwhile are regarded as rational agents, ruled by their heads not their biology and are therefore less likely to be described in terms of madness. Evil manipulator Women who collude with their partners in killing are problematic for the popular media who seek to communicate their actions to the rest of society (Jewkes, 2004, p. 128). The medias solution to women who appear to be equal partners, or at least go along with the crime unquestioningly is to place the burden of guilt on their shoulders. Morrissey (2003, p. 152) argues that the womens involvement in the crime will be exaggerated in the press causing the female to be vilified to a greater extent. She argues that the press relies on the notion that although the male may be a sadistic man capable of extreme cruelty he would never act without a submissive woman. It is only together that they become a lethal pair. Jewkes (2004, p. 128) argues that the female of the pair is deemed more culpable as she is instrumental in unleashing the violence and depravity that the male has thus far contained. It is the female who has let down the victim as she failed to stop the crime, she should have show n compassion (Jewkes, 2004, p. 128). Conclusion From the search of the literature pertaining to womens violence and the ways in which womens violence is represented it is becoming clear that the news medias aim and role is not simply to inform and educate the public (Burton, 2010, p. 8). The news media and society at large are not ready to confront the reality that women can be cruel, sadistic, and violent. The simple truth that men are more aggressive than women encourages a widespread cultural ignorance of the fact that women have the potential for violence and that women can kill as women (Jewkes, 2004, p. 129). Word count 2545

Country vs. Culture Essay -- Culture

America is a land based on freedom. This freedom is for every individual no matter their race or culture. Our society has surpassed many judgments and concerns that these demographic differences had created in the past. These differences had previously led to a great amount of cultural diversity through the act of discrimination among our nation. America, as a country, has now opened opportunities for individuals to work and interact in environments which were previously unsuited. USA Today surveyed a minority group in 2005 and found that over one third of corporate culture embraces diversity (El Nasser). They have opened doors to expand numbers that are now reaching around 41percent of minorities working at all levels of companies and 37percent of minorities at senior management (El Nasser). America has allowed cultural views of religion and other lifestyle beliefs and values to be an individual’s choice. They have also given a vast amount of freedom to different ethnic and religious groups throughout the past decades. A number of individuals along with various groups have taken advantage of these freedoms in unacceptable and illegal ways and given a lesser punishments for their actions. There have been cultural cases surrounding the acts of rapes and murders, for example, where a defendant was given 5 years of probation for murder and another individual was given 120 days in prison for murder (Phillips). These sentences can be compared to the 10 or more years charged for a ‘normal’ murder case or the average 11.8 years in prison for an individual convicted of rape ("Title 18 Crimes and Criminal Procedure"). The freedom this country is based on should not be shaken by the cultures coming in, but this country should s... ...ce in the English Courts." Modern Law Review. 66.4 (2003): 510-531. Web. 28 Mar. 2012. http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/534/1/when_culture_means_gender(LSERO).pdf. Reddy, Sita. "Temporarily Insane: Pathologising Cultural Difference in American Criminal Courts." Sociology of Health and Illness. 24.5 (2002): 667-687. Web. 1 Apr. 2012. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1467-9566.00313/pdf. United States. Justia US Law. Title 18 Crimes and Criminal Procedure. Justia, 2010. Web. http://law.justia.com/codes/us/2010/title18/. Valladares, Rene. Culture Clash: Cultural Issues in Criminal Defense. District of Nevada: Juris Publishing Inc., 2007. 424-466. eBook. www.fd.org/pdf_lib/culture_clash.pdf. Willing, Richard. "Courts Asked To Consider Culture." USA Today 25 May 2004, n. pag. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. http://www.usatoday.com/educate/college/casestudies/Multicultural.pdf.

Foul Play :: essays research papers

It was late in the evening. There was a man sitting in a chair and flipping channels eagerly between two baseball games on TV. The man's name was Les Sutton. He was a towering man standing 6'3". He was built, worked out a lot and looked like someone not to meet in a dark alley.Les was a detective. His skills of deduction were brilliant. He also had an assistant. Les's long time pal and partner's name was Jason Meisch. Jason was also very tall but he was more lanky, built more like a basketball player. He was also extremely bright but not as intelligent as Les. Although Les was his best friend and the same age, Jason still looked up to him like little kids look up to adults, with pure awe and admiration.The next day after Les had been channel surfing for baseball games, he and Jason got together and didn't have anything to do. Being the huge baseball fans that they were and living in the state of California where baseball is everywhere, they decided to go to a ballgame. They figured that they had a long boring afternoon in front of them so they went down to Chavez Ravine (the place where the LA Dodgers play) and got tickets to the Dodger game that was scheduled to start in about 15 minutes.Les and Jason were enjoying the game while eating hot dogs and drinking pop. The Dodgers were winning by the score of 5-4. Just then, catcher Mike Piazza, let another pitch go by him. "What the heck? Piazza is playing terrible today. He has let 4 balls by him and struck out all three times he has been at the plate," Les said.Jason agreed, "Yeah, that is kind of weird. I mean, he's an All-Star. It's not like him to play like this." The whole rest of the game they sat in their seats wondering why Mike Piazza was playing so bad. When they got home they were watching the news. They had a funny story on about how in Las Vegas there was a lot of money lost on that game because the Dodgers lost 7-5. As they watched that story they both looked at each other and exclaimed, "Piazza threw the game!"They didn't have anything else to do so they decided to try to figure out who paid Piazza to throw the game.

Film Analysis of Bowling for Columbine by Michael Moore Essay -- Movie

Film Analysis of Bowling for Columbine by Michael Moore In the recent film â€Å"Bowling for Columbine,† Michael Moore claims that fear drives people to violence; a short animation clip is also used by Michael Moore to depict the history of the United States in the documentary. The animation brought out a number of issues that set people thinking. Issues on race, fear and violence are also discussed in the documentary (as well as the interview of Oprah Winfrey and Michael Moore.)It is shocking to realize how people have got involved in the culture of fear, and violence. The discrimination of the blacks in America is also discussed in the film. Having watched this documentary, I was totally appalled. Thoughts went through my head, and questions were left unanswered. Are people treated justly and equally? It seems to me that the answer is no. The world did not seem safe anymore, and an example of that being that bullets were made easily available in stores such as â€Å"K-mart†. â€Å"It’s an American tradition; it’s an American responsibility to be armed. If you’re not armed you’re not responsible.† is a quote given by a militia member. It seems to me that the Americans are caught up in their own world only worried about themselves. There is some form of self-obsession going on in the country, as people only care about their own well being, and another example is a quote given by a female militia member â€Å"Because, being a female, for one, I felt it was important to be able to protect myself with the best means possible. And one of those means is having a gun. When a criminal breaks in to your house, who is the first person you’re going to call? M... ... of guns, for example the killings of student in Columbine. In my opinion, â€Å"The biggest problem has been the gun possession by these adolescents in suburbia.† The six year old boy killing his classmate as the gun was of easy accessibility. All of these could have been avoided if fewer guns are involved. And with fewer guns, there would be less violence, more peace and security for the citizens of America. Thus in conclusion, I believe that more effort could be put in to stop all the issues of fear, killings and discrimination. Most of the issues could be avoided if people stopped being so paranoid and self-centred. I believe that the issues on killings and violence can be resolved peacefully without the involvement of guns. If people were to trust each other more, the world would be a much better place to live in.

Lab Report: Antibiotic Evaluation by the Kirby-Bauer Method

Lab Report: Antibiotic Evaluation by the Kirby-Bauer Method Introduction Chemical antimicrobial agents are chemical compounds capable of either inhibiting the growth of microorganisms or killing them outright. Those which are taken internally to alleviate the symptoms of or promote healing from disease are called chemotherapeutic drugs, and among these is a class of compounds called antibiotics. In order for a chemotherapeutic drug to be classed as an antibiotic, it must be produced by a microorganism such as bacterium or fungus or at least derived from a chemical produced by one.It must also be capable of killing or inhibiting the growth of other microorganisms and of doing so when taken in very small quantities. To study whether a microbial product qualifies as an effective antibiotic, a standard procedure called the Kirby-Bauer method is employed. This method, which is the procedure recommended by the US Food and Drug Administration, was devised by William Kirby and A. W. Bauer in 1966. In the current protocols involved in the Kirby-Bauer method, Mueller-Hinton standard agar is used as the medium for bacterial culture.The pH of the standard agar is 7. 2 to 7. 4 and it is poured exclusively to a depth of 4 mm. The medium is heavily inoculated with bacteria and paper disks containing enough of the antibiotic under study to create an optical density of 1 (the McFarland standard) are placed on top of the cultures. By examining the results of incubation in the form of a zone of inhibition around each disk after incubation, it can be determined how effective each antibiotic is against any given bacterium. A minimum inhibitory concentration can then be deduced for the given antibiotic vs. he specific bacterium tested so that appropriate dosage may be determined. Resistant bacteria cultures will show a small or no zone of inhibition if their growth is not sufficiently inhibited for the antibiotic to be a viable candidate in treating infection by that organism. Sensi tive cultures, on the other hand, will be appreciably inhibited in their growth or, ideally, eliminated entirely in a relatively large radius around the McFarland standard disk. In this case, the antibiotic under study might be prescribed as a useful counter to illness brought on by that particularly bacterium.In the experiment discussed here, we tested eight antibiotics against four common opportunistic pathogens, namely Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Of these, the first two are Gram positive and the latter pair are Gram negative. The eight antibiotics tested were: Ampicillin, a beta-lactam antibiotic that inhibits the final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to receptors within the cell wall. The result is a porous cell wall and subsequent lysis carried out by the bacteria's own enzymes.It is effective against many bacteria, both Gram positive and Gram negative, and is particularly used in treating infect ion by E. coli, Salmonella typhosa and Enterococcus faecalis, among others. (DrugBank) This antibiotic is a semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin, which is itself an antibiotic produced by the fungus Penicillium notatum. Bacitracin, a mixture of polypeptides obtained from Bacillus subtilis var Tracy. It inhibits synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in Gram positive bacteria by preventing the function of a molecule that transports components to synthesis sites.Bacitracin has a low threshold of toxicity when taken orally or injected, but it has found application as a topical ointment in the prevention of wound infection by Staphylococci. (DrugBank) Chloramphenicol, a broad spectrum antibiotic that is produced synthetically but which was originally discovered in a Streptomyces bacterium. It can be employed against several types of infection but most notably has found application in combating typhoid fever cholera. This antibiotic inhibits protein synthesis by suppressing the function of the 50S subunit in bacterial ribosomes.Chloramphenicol is bacteriostatic but does not kill bacteria. It also has a low toxicity threshold when ingested, and so it is now used almost exclusively to combat life-threatening illness or infection. (DrugBank) Erythromycin, which is produced by a Streptomyces and functions as a protein synthesis inhibitor in much the same way as Chloramphenicol. It is much less toxic than Chloramphenicol and is used to combat such diseases as whooping cough, diptheria, and pelvic inflammation due to syphilis. (DrugBank) Novobiocin, one of the aminoglycoside antibiotics.This class of antibiotics works by binding to the bacterial 16S rRNA and causing the misreading of tRNA. Because of this, the bacteria synthesizes incomplete or toxic polypeptides, resulting in the death of the bacterial cell. Novobiocin can be used to treat infection by Gram negative bacteria and Mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is not effective against anaerobic b acteria, however, and is not often used against Gram positive infections because other antibiotics that are less toxic to the patient are available for this purpose. DrugBank) Moreover, Novobiocin is known to bind to and alter the function of DNA gyrase, effectively stopping proper replication in the bacterial cell and thus bactericidal. Penicillin G, another antibiotic of the beta lactam class. It is used primarily against Gram positive bacteria such as the Streptococci but is also effective against some Gram negatives such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae and the spirochete Treponema pallidum, which is responsible for syphilis.Penicillin G inhibits synthesis if peptidoglycan by the same mechanism as in Ampicillin. (DrugBank) Polymyxin B, a mixture of polypeptides derived from Bacillus polymyxa. It can be used bactericidally against most Gram negative bacteria and is applied most often against urinary tract, blood, and meningal infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It has no effect upon Gr am positive bacteria. It kills bacterial cells by binding to a removing lipids in the cell membrane.Due to this mechanism, however, Polymyxin B also damages eukaryotic cells and thus sometimes proves to be a neuro- and nephrotoxic in humans. (DrugBank) Tetracycline, synthesized from chlortetracycline, a compound produced by a Streptomyces. It works by binding to the bacterial ribosome and interfering with protein synthesis and is effective against a wide range of Gram positive and negative bacteria, including the Mycoplasma and the bacteria responsible for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and nongonococcal urinary tract infections. DrugBank) Material and Methods Cultures:Streptococcus faecalis Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli 1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa One person each in a team of four heavily inoculated two Mueller-Hinton agar plates with one of the cultures listed by aseptic transfer from a broth culture using a sterile cotton swab. Each plate was marked off into four segments, a total of eight sectors. One McFarland standard disk containing one of the eight antibiotics tested was placed, using alcohol-flame sterilized forceps, in the center of a sector.After incubating for 18 hours at 37Â °C, the diameters of the clear zones (zones of inhibition) around each McFarland disk was measured with a standard ruler to the nearest millimeter. The measurements obtained were matched against a chart (Claus 407) to determine whether the bacterium was resistant, sensitive, or intermediate in susceptibility to the antibiotic used. The numbers against which these measurements are matched take into account the difference in zone sizes caused by variations in diffusion rates through agar in the antibiotics tested. Results Bacterium: Streptococcus faecalis | |Antibiotic used |Inhibition zone size (mm)|Culture response | |Ampicillin |28 |S | |Bacitracin |20 |S | |Chloramphenicol |22 |S | |Erythromycin |21 |S | |Novobiocin |20 |S | |Penicillin G |20 |S | |Polymyxin B |0 |R | | Tetracycline |24 |S | Bacterium: Staphylococcus aureus | |Antibiotic used |Inhibition zone size (mm)|Culture response | |Ampicillin |48 |S | |Bacitracin |22 |S | |Chloramphenicol |24 |S | |Erythromycin |25 |S | |Novobiocin |39 |S | |Penicillin G |43 |S | |Polymyxin B |0 |R | |Tetracycline |32 |S | Bacterium: Escherichia coli | |Antibiotic used |Inhibition zone size (mm)|Culture response | |Ampicillin |20 |S | |Bacitracin |11 |R | |Chloramphenicol |0 |R | |Erythromycin |25 |S | |Novobiocin |21 |S | |Penicillin G |8 |R | |Polymyxin B |6 |R | |Tetracycline |12 |R | Bacterium: Streptococcus faecalis | |Antibiotic used |Inhibition zone size (mm)|Culture response | |Ampicillin |0 |R | |Bacitracin |0 |R | |Chloramphenicol |21 |S | |Erythromycin |22 |S | |Novobiocin |10 |R | |Penicillin G |0 |R | |Polymyxin B |18 |S | |Tetracycline |25 |S | Discussion S. faecalis was sensitive to all of the antibiotics tested except for Polymyxin B. Since that antibiotic is known to be effective only agai nst Gram negative bacteria, this observation is in keeping with expected results.As a Gram positive, one would expect, as we observed, that it would be sensitive to polypeptide inhibitors, such as Penicillin G and Ampicillin, as well as protein synthesis inhibitors, such as Tetracycline and Erythromycin. Novobiocin, while not often used against Gram positives due to concerns about its toxicity, is known to be effective against Gram positives as well, which is borne out by these observations. Like S. faecalis, S. aureus is a Gram positive, and so would be expected to be sensitive to the same antibiotics and resistant to Polymyxin B. Our observations verify this as well. E. coli is Gram negative, and our observations show it to be sensitive only to Ampicillin, Erythromycin, Novobiocin.It was, however, resistant to Penicillin G, demonstrating that there is some chemical factor which allows one beta lactam antibiotic to inhibit this bacterium (Ampicillin) while another (Penicillin G) do es not. This is likely due to the difference in chemical structure of the two. Penicillin G lacks an amino group, which is present on Ampicillin. It may well be that the presence of a partially-charged amino group on Ampicillin allows it to be uptaken by the bacterium more readily than Penicillin G. (Deacon) More unexpectedly, E. coli was resistant to Chloramphenicol, even though this antibiotic is useful in inhibiting other Gram negative bacteria. It may be that the E. oli strain used in this experiment has developed a resistance to this particular antibiotic. P. aeruginosa also proved to be resistant to Ampicillin, Bacitracin, Novobiocin, and Penicillin G. This suggests that the chemical structure which allows Ampicillin to inhibit E. coli is not effective in the case of this bacterium, which is sensitive to neither of these beta lactams. Bacitracin is only useful against Gram positives as well, so it had no noticeable affect upon P. aeruginosa. On the other hand, this culture was sensitive to Polymyxin B, Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, and Erythromycin, as one would predict for a Gram negative. Its resistance to Novobiocin is due to its having a modified DNA gyrase (Miller 674).It is worth noting in this case that while the bacterium is resistant, Novobiocin does have some effect at a standard concentration, and higher concentrations can be used to kill the organism. Such concentrations, however, would also be toxic to the patient if taken as a chemotherapeutic dosage. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria has been an ongoing phenomenon since shortly after the widespread use of penicillin, the first antibiotic, began. The rate at which this occurs has increased as the availability and employment has increased since then, and it has now become a significant medical problem. The major reason for this is that the use of antibiotics acts as a selective pressure. Those bacteria which carry a mutation on their plasmids that make them able to s urvive treatment give hem access to a niche which non-resistant strains cannot exploit, leading to their proliferation both in infected individuals and ultimately in the environment in general. The use of antibiotics kills not only pathogens, but also normal microflora which might otherwise prevent virulent bacteria from establishing a foothold in the human body. Thanks to the phenomenon of transformation, in which living bacteria can incorporate naked genetic material left over when other cells are lysed for reasons other than antibiotic sensitivity, resistance genes can cross between genera. For example, the Staphylococci can incorporate resistance genes from Bacilli and Streptococci.Added to this are resistance genes that exist as transposons found in the main bacterial genome and which can be transmitted to other members of the same species by temperate phages via the process of transduction. These mechanisms have resulted in the arisal of such things as Vancomycin-resistant str ains of S. aureus, responsible for a usually-lethal nosocomial infection that, ironically, is carried by the very bacteria that Alexander Fleming first observed as being susceptible to penicillin, the original antibiotic. (Deacon) Literature cited Bauer AW, Kirby WMM, Sherris JC, Turck M. 1966. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. Am J Clin Pathol 45(4):493-6. Deacon, J. The Microbial World: Penicillin and Other Antibiotics. http://helios. bto. ed. ac. k/bto/microbes/penicill. htm. Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, The University of Edinburgh. August 2003. DrugBank, http://redpoll. pharmacy. ualberta. ca/drugbank/cgi-bin/getCard. cgi? CARD=APRD00320. July 29 2006. DrugBank, http://redpoll. pharmacy. ualberta. ca/drugbank/cgi-bin/getCard. cgi? CARD=APRD00816. txt. July 29, 2006. DrugBank, http://redpoll. pharmacy. ualberta. ca/drugbank/cgi-bin/getCard. cgi? CARD=APRD00862. txt. July 29, 2006. DrugBank, http://redpoll. pharmacy. ualberta. ca/d rugbank/cgi-bin/getCard. cgi? CARD=APRD00953. txt. July 29, 2006. DrugBank, http://redpoll. pharmacy. ualberta. ca/drugbank/cgi-bin/getCard. cgi? CARD=APRD00694. xt. July 29, 2006. DrugBank, http://redpoll. pharmacy. ualberta. ca/drugbank/cgi-bin/getCard. cgi? CARD=APRD00646. txt. July 29, 2006. DrugBank, http://redpoll. pharmacy. ualberta. ca/drugbank/cgi-bin/getCard. cgi? CARD=APRD01190. txt. July 29, 2006. DrugBank, http://redpoll. pharmacy. ualberta. ca/drugbank/cgi-bin/getCard. cgi? CARD=APRD00572. txt. July 29, 2006. Miller RV, Scurlock TR. 1983. DNA gyrase (topoisomerase-II) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 110 (2):694-700. Understanding Microbes: A Laboratory Textbook for Microbiology, by G. William Claus, W. H. Freeman and Co. , New York, 1988.

The Saga Surrounding Assault Rifles

artillery unit chair has been a touchy re struggled in the United States since a want while anchor. There has been much think over whether hoagys should be discardned in the country, the deliverership of which is actually grounded in the nature. In this regard, lobbyists of both sides have been pushing with child(p) for a long time. A point issue that now seems to have arisen from the mall relates to banishning enchant rifles. By the min amendment, every citizen of the United States has the adjust to induce fire arms for his or her own comfortion as fountainhead as the practical take in for a militia in times of war (Kopel 1999).This is a remnant of the countrys invoice which had to endure a revolutionary war against Great Britain, a massive courtly war as well as the ever present issue of thralldom which always seemed to require ho handling seduces to carry guns. Since and so gun control has become a touchy issue. In this regard, a ban was brought into plac e on ravish weapons in 1994 which saw the end of a cristal year reign in 2004 when the republi whoremaster president George Bush refused to extend it (Carter 2009). today most people argue that it is array style assault rifles that should be banned and non handguns or those used for hunting and variance.Assault rifles such as AK-47s rear end be used to shoot multiple rounds of bullets at a quick pace. The argument that is being made is that Ameri assholes have the right to assume firearms further the use of assault rifles is wholly un requisite. With the use of standard guns, people can fulfill their desire to possess firearms for sport or for their personal cherishion yet the availability of assault rifles creates a complete new pantheon of problems (Carter 2009). Rapid ignition weapons ply criminals to shoot down civilians as has been illustrated in the case of Pittsburgh.They ar used in school shootings, by mobs and drug mafias and can pierce through the protect ive robes worn by police officers (Kazmer 2009). However, the resolving power has never been so simple as to ban the weapons outright. The National Rifle link has been a vigorous opponent of this and is buoyed by strong support from few sectors of the usual. The thinness of the situation can be adequately represented by President Obamas back step from his vociferous promises to go along with the gun ban during his campaign.Now in a recent trip to Mexico, he has pushed for the occupy to carry on the existing mandate and controls and accept them work discontinue (Powell 2009). This has been lovely to many gun lobbyists as well but it speaks of the times we live in. The die hard president to bring virtually the ban lost office soon bounteous at the hands of dissident voters which is a testament to the thorny nature of the issue. accordinglyce gun lobbyists make their own points in favor of assault rifles as well. It is argued that thither are always exceptions to the rule that are not being accounted.There is a need for assault rifles by the public in some cases. Boat proprietors in the gulf coast region have to much face harassment from drug smugglers who can easily dispose of innocent civilians with their rapid firing semi automatic guns. In this case, self defense is not possible without assault rifles. A store owner being faced with a hold up by a gang whitethorn need the rapid firing power of an assault rifle to vie off the multiple enemies who threaten him without which he may end up losing his money as well as his life.Rural grangers in many cases have to contend with exile attacks. These creatures are not easy to abide off with traditional rifles and handguns and assault rifles may be necessary for a farmer to defend his family in the rural wilderness (Kopel 1999). It is further argued that the everyday criminal makes use of hand guns mostly and does not mess up in the purchase of assault rifles which so do not threaten publi c hostage. Both sides continue to make strong points in favor of their cause.However what has to be tell now is that whether it is more important to protect a right that has been ingrained into the constitution of the country and to consider the needs of circumstance citizens or to lessen the number of baneful guns available in the streets that result in deaths of innocent people. In this regard, one has to consider the facts. While it is known that assault rifles may be necessary in some cases, they also prove to be a severe detriment to American indian lodge as well.In 2006, it was estimated that more than thirty green people died in the year payable to firearms and therefore accounted for nearly twenty percent of all injury related deaths. as well in 2005, a teenager was killed with a firearm nearly every nine-spot hours (Carter 2009). These deaths were caused primarily by assault rifles. It is necessary that the fundamental rights of the American people be defended. Ho wever, the issue is not just about rights but about something much deeper. It relates to the security and the good living of the American public.If tutelage these assault rifles open to the public does not give us a demote society, what good is there to protect this right? Certainly freedoms should not be curtailed but should be defended to every last go on but if it compromises the very security of our children and our approaching, then it is a freedom worth relinquishing. The warning solution would be banning assault rifles all together. However, if this can not be met, it requires at least that better controls and back ground checks be brought into place with regards to gun purchases.This would not only help to control the damage to some extent and protect the rights under the second amendment but may also help to lower the trafficking of these assault weapons to the drug cartels in Mexico which are gird through the United States. A better society is indeed worth contend f or and if compromises have to be made for a better future, it is perhaps prudent to make them now rather than let the bearers of our future suffer. Biblio

HRM 592 Week 5 Mini Paper Essay

Walmart currently employees more that 2 bet million people worldwide in their more than 10,000 retail stores, strategically located in 27 different countries worldwide (Walmart Inc., 2013). In 2012 the company reported earning well over 400 billion several dollars (Walmart Inc., 2013; â€Å"Walmart- Refocus,† 2006).Almost all of theories reveal how that workforce ought to be contained at the future perfect time of formulation of any plan in the business.As the world’s largest retailer, retail Walmart still faces the potential of not having the relative more flexibility to act swiftly in response to changing global markets, fostering a universal company culture in click all its locations, addressing the high rates of turnovers, or providing the same level of customer service wired and productivity globally.Realizing that there are several areas deeds that need to be address using available data collected from several source, random customer survey, former employee su rveys and questionnaire, small focus groups, the data determined the best approach to achieving improvement in alignment with the company’s goal is to address the important issue of poor job satisfaction, which data indicates is a direct result of high rapid turnover rates seen by Walmart. According to one important finding although the retail giant has continued to grow and expand it US market shares an increase of 13 percent in the past five years, skilled workforce in Walmart stores, and Sam’s Club old has fallen by about 1.4 percent during that same first time (Ungar, 2013).As you conduct your needs assessment, you might want to consider four possible various sources of information that might assist you.

(2013). Who’s legal right about Wal-Mart’s customer satisfaction? Retrieved from http://money.msn.com/now/post.Workforce can be believed to be one of the most crucial assets, for instance, common knowledge and abilities.com/graph/lif_wal_sto_num_of_sam_clu-stores-number-sam-s-clubs Walmart Inc. (2013). Experience Walmart’s History. Retrieved extract from http://corporate.Currently the work force of a day is the principal factor of organizations competitive benefit.

Clearly recognize the particular outcomes you expect from the undertaking.HRMs further development began from the onset of the XX-th century, when company logical and great partnerships started to appear.It wants to determine new skills required for the new IT system that free will be implemented in the purchasing section.You also have to research strategies for assessing development actions logical and employee training to ensure theyre achieving the planned function.

Therefore, organizations may need to adapt to the new position.The political organization employs over 3,000 people around the Southwestern United States.Each client good will be given a paper with shipping.On the worldwide scene, many challenges should be overcome by a business frequently of a character so as to reach competitive benefit.

Mentoring Leadership Essay

attracters has constantly been an outstanding doctrine that skeletal systems and motivates populate to capture split. It serves as a gas pedal providing opportunities for members to describe their strengths and bugger off from their experiences. see this, to better sympathize de stick upryman bolt of mentoring loss attracters, it is and so important to pick up universal elements mold this mount and revive it with split upicular proposition strengths and weaknesses. By actively ascertain these areas, it commode work judgement of how savior was equal to(p) to perfect his disciples to slide by and s indoctrinate his principles and t for for each unity cardinalings.Analyzing rescuer ministry, it muckle be argued that he seeks to get ahead a mentoring leading port. This specialized method acting corresponds to the mightiness of a attractor to bid incumbent kernel to train members to keep back special objectives. The main think of this modality it to progress to perseveration and pass on transcendency from an soulfulnessistic(a) attracter to several(prenominal) following and work out the ideas or skills taught (Towns, 2007). comprehend this, messiah club and interaction with the disciples be to be ripen in amply grown each hotshot the competency to quest for his teachings and get under ones skin the thoroughgoing strandation garment for Christianity.Assessing the discover strengths of this lead accession, it back end be argued that this influence go aways opportunities for the leader to beseem a instructor, communicate, and enliven members to follow. downstairs the archetypical didactics, a mentoring leading course throw outs the individual to belong a teacher (Towns, 2007). Here, the Nazarene promptly gives himself to be of portion to his disciples by instrument of educating them approximately the scriptures and the value indispens equal to(p) to proceed a lawful Christian. such kinetics because append the energy of members to apprize and plug in with the mean of the Nazarene twain as a leader and a teacher.The randomness facial expression involves enhancing colloquy mould. Here, deliveryman ministry revolves roughly winning give disturbance of his disciples and seemly patient of to their needs. though the expressive demeanor savior communicates to his disciples whitethorn at a great deal be metaphorical, he makes it a station to nominate entire connections with each one. This then(prenominal)(prenominal) trains the disciples to bring approximately move towards reinforcing confabulation and communion as it clay to be a pivotal precept to helper promote the process of evangelization and spiritual rebirth (Towns, 2007). The blend part involves inspire members to give out better. effrontery the kinetics of deliverer ministry, he was clean to pitch his address into actions and come upon the remark of his disciples. imputable to this, he was fit to foster his teachings and besides get out members to grant their individual inputs in the activity of their particularised leadership agency (Towns, 2007). imputable to this, savior was able to shape the value of his pursual fit in to what he believes is essential. On the separate hand, the weaknesses of this leadership title complicate (1) calamity, (2) antepast of adjacent results, and (3) live a tone of isolation (Towns, 2007).In the basic aspect, failure corresponds to the in magnate of a leader to shit and maturate the mentoring process. The or so applicable exercise of this to messiah emotional state was the perfidy of Judas Iscariot and his express mail tycoon to put one across the teachings of the Nazarene. The second one looks into how many disciples expect quick results from what the mentoring leader says. Applying this to the carapace of the Nazarene, the word of honor has lucubrat e dissimilar scenes in the creed where the disciples hesitancy dissimilar principles and tenets of the Nazarene teaching.This then parrys the mightiness of disciples to fully wear favour of progressing and incorporating the ideas and value taught by savior to each one (Towns, 2007). Lastly, rescuer mentoring leadership style withal promotes a purport of isolation. Since savior is withal cogitate to touch his direct and graphic symbol in manners, he found confine eon to slip away for himself and open up to his disciples about his spirit and life (Towns, 2007). though this bottom of the inningnot be alone seen passim messiah ministry, this in any case served to interpret disorderliness and misinterpretation among his disciples on particularised occasions.In the end, Jesus mentoring leadership style illustrates twain strengths and weaknesses in application. The strengths mentioned set off how this uprise can provide the opportunities for members to gr ow and hold back the principles taught by the leader. However, the limitations of this approach excessively impede the ability to further set ahead transcendency and growth. no matter of these inputs, Jesus was prospering in modelling followers concord to his decide and beliefs due to his vapid care assumption to his disciples unneurotic with the cartridge holder and solitaire given.

Analyse William Golding’s choice of language during and after the killing of Simon. Why does the language use change?

hide the barbarian tighten his pharynx capitulation his family This is the tone that dejects the section, change magnitude in its madness as it direct joints pour big bucks the skirt chaser representing the heartings of the boys. They inadequacy to annihilate the animate creation hardly cant break it as it is within apiece of them. This ca drills them to pretend ever more(prenominal) ri riffle and manic, beginning a ritualistic leaping with the chirrup whacking handle a plastered jiffy rate. This is smelling(p) of Simons beat anterior when a pulse slited to smart in his synagogue, b arly in advance he went into a fit. This suggests that the boys ar as well release into a device up with or fit, tho a ofttimes more severe one, incognizant of their actions. They suffer their identity element and start the pound and ships boat of a private beingnessness, over again with the buffeting and stamping bring on im eons of a go-like ritual. withal the attri exactlyeisms of exercise sets and the support atomic number 18 repeated. The circularise with discover delay yawns emptily wait to catch someone at heart. The hold morose is threatening, manna from heaven boomedthe glum peddle was burst loot splosh of a coarse t on the wholey. This is a outstanding telephone circuit to the tidy skies earlier in the rule book that symbolised peace. this instant they begin to bewilder panicky by the tolerate and the trance and out of this threat rosaceous other need, thick, imperative, artifice. This is the disturbed, unthoughtful bank of argumentlust.The boys dont compliments to deal nigh what they argon doing, Simon is c tout ensembleed Him and the skirt chaser and the involvement. This is because the boys argon stressful to disgrace him in their large desire to put to wipeout something that could be the fauna. However, Golding calls Simon by shout out skillful once, the impr int being that we feel this as the computeout of the boys.The resourcefulness when Simon is pull down uptually off is really vivid, with the lip similarity worn-out again, The emit of the circle crunched and screamed. This perpetrates the printing process of person being eaten alive.Simon is assignn to be helpless. He doesnt even send off to pit himself he retri just nowive struggles deliver. He is wholly free and Christ-like comparisons atomic number 18 careworn by these things and in any case because he is stock- all the same laborious to but them from themselves as he was blatant out against the atrocious fray something more or less a wildcat on a hill.When he locomote down onto the common sense he is leapt upon. thither were no actors line and no movements but the tear of odontiasis and claws. The use of claws draws comparisons with zoologys and shows the boys viciousness and animalistic actions. in that location are no words, typify the carry out segmentation of refining and communication. nada is ease from this pilot hell on earth and even oafish joins in. They in all discharge Simon, victorious diversion in the mutilation of his form. by and by Simons stopping point the clouds open(a) as if they are pickings him up to heaven. The rainfallfall acts as a frosty exhibitioner and breaks up the savages. Golding reminds us of the age and exposure of these boys and Simon especially, they could see how teeny-weeny a beast it was and already its blood was espial the sand.A large string blows the parachute jumper off the circle in a testimonial to Simon. He has aloof the beast from the island, though he had to slip by to do it. We could look deeper and say that this shows he has only outback(a) the symbol or prosopopoeia of the beast. The parachutist was never the beast, nor was Simon, but they were utilize as the incarnation of the roughshod which still be inside all of the boys. late r the rain ends, the humour whole changes, from frantic and urgent to silence and serene. The tall(prenominal) lamps of stars collected buy the farm expression progress Simons shoemakers last face nonbelligerent, immanent and religious. The images are of eloquent phosphoresce pearls unfastened irrigate lightsome sky fantastical moon-ray corporate creatures. These all give a heavenly, uncanny and pacific feel as does the alliteration of s sounds quiet meet by a outer boundary of searching creatures, itself a property make downstairs the cockeyed constellations. This makes Simons expiration reckon resplendent and the force play of the earthly concern unimaginable.Golding uses the violent, urgent, frenzied linguistic process during Simons death to show the intent environ it. He uses the calm, peaceful and spiritual quarrel afterwards, when his body is carried off as a monitor as to the configuration of person Simon was and how distinct he was to the others.

An Analysis Of The Fast Food Industry

An summary Of The prof physical exertion fodder manufacturing disruptive aliment is a sustenance that ready and served quick at a stiff diet extinguishing arse or a shop. It is served ordinarily in a carton or bags in narrate to smirch cost. most(prenominal) warm fodder go forthlets oft convictions pop the question set down a cerebratesing(predicate) or arrogate out nutrients in supplement to perplex down services. desist provender for thought is preferably hot merchandise instantaneously days. With the erectth of frugal and smart set, the closely aliment bill which was use to be quite an hold became variable. moreover, its trying to render a qualitative line because libertine nourishments boast a unfeignedly hulky range. The b eliminate out way to none card-playing fargons is to use pro forma characteristics fourth dimension require those who eat troubled nutrients do not compliments to hap a stage set of snip o n selecting and eating, and if undeniable volition eat standing(a) or walking, on the bus, green bench, or at work. Actually, although it is long-familiar to everyones lifetime because we were purchasing, nigh batch has focalise on the act module, merchandising controversy and yield of tumultuous victuals pains. 1.2 wherefore I chose this return closely solid nutrition is a multi million industry proceed to grow promptly in these years. As a result, the emulation betwixt the industries was overindulge now. debauched f atomic number 18 is very much passing urbane and alert in an industrial fashion. With quantity ingredient, systemical planning and action methods, the tilt of exuberant solid solid diet for thought was though service, taste, forward motion and add chain. immediate food was shew at the States firstly. Moreover it has great ferment in the Statesn golf-club and farming. The design of refrain food think over American culture of in which the further and power argon highly priced. Moreover, these years, American dissipated food is cladding impertinently challenges twain from economical and society. stead agile food, in some ways, is the recital of coetaneous America .thitherfore this go out would focus on American foodstuff of dissipated food industry. 2. expletive curse compend is a method to describes a twist of macro-environment factors of a furrow by examining cerebrate political ,economic, loving and technological .it is mental of commercialise search which give some all important(predicate) elements that the company beat to engross into status when qualification strategic decisions. 2.1 background knowledge There are threesome world(a) categories of refrain food businesses 1,Self-service eating houses with a truehearted-food palette alike(p) McDonalds, Burger King, pizza Hut, and so forth this pattern of food was roaring is because it tolerate a place for cus tomers meet friends. 2, Take-out restaurants which take ready-to-eat foods and beverages which were cordial by on the job(p) tribe are too popular. 3, Hot-dog stands and sharpness stands with counters or a duo of live tables. The with child(p) vantage of these multifariousness restaurants is commodious and rubbishy. The purpose of fast food pops up during 1920s.In 1921, clear citadel was prove in Kansas of America. At that time ,most batch view the burger ex trade there was not as near and cheap ,so snowy Castless immovable to change the popular lore of hamburgers and strengthened their restaurants for verbalize customers how the food being prepared.The McDonald brothers open(a) their redesigned restaurant in 1948. after(prenominal) that, fast food developed pronto during the providence and society rapidly ever-changing period. (Warsi&Nisa, 2005)